Burner.



,1. W. PORTER.

BURNER.

l APPLICATIONKFILED luLY 24. 1916.

WITNESS.

JOI-IN W. PORTER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO RELIANCE OIL AND GAS I BURNER COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F MISSOURI.

BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10, 1917.

Application led July 24, 1916. Serial No. 110,872.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOI-IN W. PORTER, a citizen of the United States7 residing at the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Burner, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in burners, and more particularly to burners utilizing as fuel the hydro-carbon oils.

An object of the invention is to provide a durable and efficient burner which will be economical in manufacture and operation producing a flame of relatively high heat upon a small consumption of fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner of compact construction in cludin g means for converting a hydro-carbon liquid supplied to the burner into a gas and for mixing air therewith to produce a highly combustible fuel having a superior caloric value.

In addition to the foregoing objects other advantages and improved features of construction inherent in the structure of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without specific mention, from the following detailed disclosure taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a burner embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan View with the casting including the mixing chamber and flame deflector removed.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the burner.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the burner.

Fig. 5 is a view of the straddle or brace for the intake passages.

As illustrated in the drawing the burner of the present invention includes a base casting forming a casing 1 which is made in the form of a vessel having a flat bottom wall and cylindrical side walls open at the top with an enlargement 2 at one side for the reception of a part of the upper casting. The casting 1 has a series of openings 3 through its side wall at a point elevated from the bottom wall so that the bottom portion of the casting is adapted to receive and hold the fuel liquid which is utilized at the outset of the operation of the burner for heating the retort for the generation of the gas. The openings 8 through the side wall of the base casting are disposed at equally spaced interv als around the casting, and pipe connec tions 4 are threaded into alternate ones of the openings.

` The pipe connections 4 are in the form best shown in Fig. 4 of the drawing, from which it will be observed that they are approximately forty-live degree bends, the short horizontal branch being threaded to be received within the respective ones of the openings 3, and that the inner' branch reduces in size from the outer opening to the inner opening. rlhe inner openings of the pipe connections 4 are machined to receive branches from the mixing chamber so that a tight slip joint will be effected when the mixing chamber is in place. A casting 5 is adapted to rest upon the top edge of the casting 1. The casting 5 includes the gas generating passage or retort. The upper part of the casting 5 has formed therein an annular pipe 6 which has a depending branch 7 Extending downwardly from the lower wall of the pipe 6 is a solid flange 8 annular in form and of a. diameter so that it will rest upon and register with the walls of the casting 1. From the side opposite to the branch 7 is a downwardly extending pipe 9 which deflects at the bottom forming a closed branch 10. The pipe 9 extends from the pipe 6 downwardly to a point near the bottom of the casting 1, the horizontal branch 10 extending across the casting 1 at a slight elevation above the bottom thereof. The casting 5 is held in position within the casting 1 by means of screws or bolts 11 passing through upwardly extending lugs 12 formed on the side wall of the casting 1 and through the flange 8, the depending pipe 9 resting within the enlargement 2 of the casting 1.

At the juncture of the upper end of the pipe 9 with the pipe 6 is an extending branch 18 open at its end and closed by a screw plug 14. As the screw plug is removable the contents of the passages formed in the casting 5 may be drawn 0E for cleansing the retort passages. The fuel liquid supply pipe 15 connects into the open end of the tubular branch 7. In the upper wall of the branch 10 is a threaded opening 16 which is adapted to receive the threaded end of a jet nozzle 17. The nozzle 17 has a polygonal portion 18 for tool engagement for threadf ing it into opening 16.

A casting 19 having a cylindrical upper portion 20 with a flat top wall 21 and a conical bottom wall 22 terminating in a tubular extension 23 constitutes the mixing chamber casing and is adapted to be removably mounted within the casting 1, the tubular extension 23 fitting over the end of the nozzle 17 The casting 19 has a plurality of tubular extensions 24 from its bottom wall 22 which are arranged to register with and connect into the inner ends of the pipes 4. Through the bottom wall 22 of the casting 19 and disposed intermediate of the extensions 24 are a series of openings 25, said openings being arranged slightly below the upper openings of the extensions 24. Disposed adjacent to the top of the casting 19 and through the side walls thereof are a series of perforations 2G and a central opening 27 in the top wall.

The top of the casting 19 is in substantially the same horizontal plane as the top of the pipe, so that the flames from the jet openings 26 and from the deected flame from the opening 27 impinge against the pipe 6 in the casting 5.

The canopy or cap 28 for deflecting the flame from the opening 27 is removably mounted on brackets 29 extending from the top wall 21 of the casting 19, the cap being place or removing it from the secured in position by a slight elevation above the opening 27 by therethrough brackets 29.

In order to support the pipes 4 so that they will be maintained in alinement to register with the brackets 24,the saddle or brace piece 31 is provided. The brace piece 31 includes a flat plate 32 which has an opening 33 therein which fits over the base of the jet nozzle 17. v At suitable intervals and extending upwardly from the plate .32 are a series of supporting arms 34 which rest underneath the respective pipes 4. Extending downwardly from the plate 32 are legs 35 that rest on the bottom of the casing 1. Y

, Due to the difference in expansion and contraction it is -required that the pipes 4 be braced in the above described manner, so

screws 30 passing and into the top of the that they will be held in alinement to preserve a tight joint between the ends of the tubular extensions 24 and the inner open ends of said pipes.

The functional advantages of the conk struction above described may be best understoo-d by an explanation of the operation of the complete burner.

rIhe fuel liquid introduced through kthe supply assage 15, either by gravity feed or forced eed, enters the pipe 6, flows downwardly through the branches 9 and 10 and through the opening of the nozzle 17 Initially a sufficient quantity of the liquid fuel flows through the nozzle 17 and through the orifices 25 into the lower part of the casting l. When a suflicient quantity of the fuel liquid has accumulated. in the bottom of the casting 1 it is ignited, the heat therefroni causing a rise of temperature in the passages 6, 9 and 10, thereby generating a gas which is ejected from the nozzle 17 into the mixing chamber in the casing 19. rlhe openings 3 which communicate with the interior of the casing 1 provide means for supplying air sufficient for the combustion of the fuel in the bottom of the casting 1 to initiate the operation of the burner. After the generation of gas has been initiated, the gas discharging froin the perforations 2G andA 'from the opening 27 is ignited and the flames therefrom deflected so as to bring within their influence the pipe (S, causing a eontinuation of the gas generation from the liquid fuel passing therethrough.

The pipes 4 connected into the extensions 24 which open into the mixing chamber provide means for supplying air to the mixing chamber which has not to any substantial degree come under the infiuence of heat from the burner. The air thus introduced in conjunction with the heated air that enters the casting 1 and attains access to the heating chamber through the orifices 25, mixes with the gas ejected from the nozzle 17 within the chamber in the casting 19.

It has been found in practice that the best results are attained by the double air supply, the one from the exterior of the casting 1 which lis not superheated, and the other from the interior of the casting which has been brought under the influence of the heat of the burner.

The mixture of the raw `gas ejected from the nozzle 17 with the cool air and the heated air supplied as above explained forms a highly combustible gaseous fuel, producing a flame 0f high caloric value with a minimiun of fuel supply.

I am aware that the structure shown and described may be modified in certain details within equivalent limits, and I do not confine myself therefore to the exact construction disclosed, but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

h 12A burner, comprising a shell having a liquid-containing portion, a retort casting fitted within said shell, a fuel jet nozzle connected into said retort casting, and a casting having a mixing chamber therein and provided with gas jet passages in the upper part thereof and fitting within said shell and over said fuel jet nozzle, and supported above the liquid-containing portion of said shell.

2. A burner, comprising a fuel liquid-containing shell adapted to contain a liquid at a predetermined level, a retort casting fitted within said shell, a fuel jet nozzle connected into said retort casting supported above the level of the liquid in said shell, a casting having a mixing chamber therein and provided with gas jet passages in the upper part thereof and fitting within said shell and over said fuel jet nozzle, and passages from the exterior of said shell above the liquid containing portion thereof to said mixing chamber.

3. A burner, comprising a fuel liquidcontaining shell, a retort casting fitted within said shell, a fuel jet nozzle connected into said retort casting, a casting having a mixing chamber therein and provided with gas jet passages in the upper part thereof and fitting within said shell and over said fuel jet nozzle, passages from the exterior of said shell to said mixing chamber, passages through the wall of said shell, and passages from the interior of said shell to said mixing chamber.

A. A burner, comprising an outer shell, a casing mounted upon said shell having a passage around and above the upper edge of said shell, with an extension extending into said shell, a fuel nozzle connected into said extension, a casting within said shell having a chamber therein fitting over said nozzle and `iet discharge opening arranged to deflect the fiame against the first named passage, and means for introducing air through the wall of said shell to said chamber.

5. A burner, comprising an outer shell, a casing mounted upon said shell having a passage around and above the upper edge of said shell, with an extension extending into said shell, a fuel nozzle connected into said extension, a casting having a chamber therein fitting over said nozzle and j et discharge opening arranged to deflect the flame against the first named passage, means for introducing air from the exterior of said shell to said chamber, and means for introducing air from the interior of said shell to said chamber.

6. A burner, comprising an outer shell, a retort mounted upon said shell having an extension extending downwardly near the bottom of the shell, a fuel nozzle connected with said extension, a mixing chamber fitting over said nozzle, a number of downwardly inclined pipes entering said mixing chamber, a series of upwardly inclined pipes extending from the wall of the shell and adapted to register with said rst-named pipes, and a series of openings intermediate of the pipes from said mixing chamber communicating with the space between the mixing chamber and the shell.

7. In a burner, the combination with an outer shell, having openings through the wall thereof, and pipes extending through the wall of said shell to the interior thereof, of a mixing chamber having communication with the interior of said shell and with the pipes aforesaid, means for supplying raw gas to said mixing chamber, and means for supporting said pipes comprising a supporting frame resting on the bottom of said shell.

8. In a burner, the combination with an outer shell adapted to contain a liquid in the bottom thereof, a casting having an annular passage at the top with a portion adapted to seat upon said shell, and a deflected angular branch projecting into said shell, a fuel nozzle connected into said branch within the shell, and a casting within said shell having openings in the bottom thereof adapted to fit over said nozzle, said casting also being provided with gas discharge passages in the pper portion thereof, substantially as speci- 9. In a burner, the combination with an outer shell having air passages through the wall thereof, of a retort casting having a passage around the upper portion with a downwardly deflected branch, said casting adapted to rest upon said shell and to be removably connected therewith, a fuel nozzle connected into said branch, a casting formed with cylindrical side walls, a tapering bottom wall with a tubular extension adapted to fit over said fuel jet nozzle and having gas discharge openings at the top thereof, and air passages in the bottom wall, substantially as specified.

10. In a.burner, the combination of an outer shell having a liquid-containing portion in the bottom, a retort casting having an annular passage in the upper portion with an angular deflected branch extending downwardly therefrom, said retort casting adapted to rest upon said shell, the branch extending into said shell, a fuel supply nozzle connected into said branch and extending upwardly at the center of said shell, and a removable mixing device having air passages in the bottom and gas discharge passages in the top adapted to be mounted on said nozzle, substantially as specified.

In witness whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN W. PORTER. Witnesses:

L. C. KINGSLAND, N. G. BUTLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing' the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

